Food refusal and picky eating are common challenges in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). These challenges can be attributed to sensory sensitivities, rigidity in routines, and other factors. Addressing food refusal and picky eating in children with autism requires patience and a tailored approach. Here are some strategies to help:
1. Consult with a Professional:
Seek guidance from a registered dietitian or nutritionist experienced in working with children with ASD. They can assess your child’s specific dietary needs and provide individualized recommendations.
2. Understand Sensory Sensitivities:
Sensitivities: Many children with autism have sensory sensitivities to certain tastes, textures, and smells. Try to understand your child’s sensory preferences and aversions to work with them effectively.
3. Gradual Exposure:
Introduce new foods gradually and with patience. Start with small portions of new or less-preferred foods alongside familiar, preferred options.
4. Food Exploration Play:
Play: Encourage your child to explore and interact with food without the pressure to eat it. Sensory play with food can help desensitize them to new textures and flavours.
5. Texture and Temperature:
Temperature: Pay attention to the texture and temperature of food. Some children may have specific preferences for hot or cold foods, as well as soft or crunchy textures.
6. Food Chaining:
Use food chaining to introduce new foods that are similar to those your child already likes. For example, if they enjoy applesauce, gradually introduce small pieces of apple.
7. Model Eating Behavior:
Model positive eating behaviours by eating meals together as a family. Children often learn by observing others.
8. Visual Supports:
Use visual schedules, social stories, or visual aids to help your child understand mealtime routines and expectations.
9. Positive Reinforcement:
Praise and reward your child for trying new foods or making an effort to expand their diet. Offer positive feedback for their efforts.
10. Avoid Food Battles:
Battles: Avoid turning mealtimes into power struggles. Forcing a child to eat a food they dislike can create negative associations with mealtime.
11. Family Involvement:
Involvement: Involve your child in meal planning and preparation. This can make them more interested in trying new foods.
12. Predictable Routines:
Establish a consistent mealtime routine with structured meal and snack times. Predictable routines can provide comfort and reduce anxiety.
13. Food Diaries:
Create opportunities for your child to explore new foods through play. For example, they can build with food, make food art, or play cooking games.
14. Food Diaries:
Keep a food diary to track your child’s food preferences, allergies, and sensitivities. This can help identify patterns and areas for improvement.
14. Sensory-Friendly Environment:
Create a comfortable and sensory-friendly eating environment. Adjust lighting, seating, and minimize distractions to help your child focus on eating.
15. Food Exploration Play:
 Encourage your child to explore new foods through play. For example, they can build with food, make food art, or engage in sensory activities with food.
16. Individualized Meal Planning:
Tailor meals to your child’s preferences within the limits of their nutritional needs. If your child prefers a specific protein source, find ways to incorporate it into various meals.
17. Patience and Persistence:
Progress may be slow, and setbacks may occur. Be patient and continue offering new foods and expanding their diet.
18. Consult with Professionals:
Consider consulting with healthcare professionals, such as a paediatrician, speech therapist, occupational therapist, or behaviour therapist, for comprehensive support. They can help address any sensory sensitivities or behavioural issues that may be contributing to food refusal and picky eating.
It’s important to focus on creating a positive and stress-free mealtime environment and to respect your child’s pace and preferences. With consistent efforts and support, children with autism can gradually expand their food choices and develop a more varied and balanced diet.